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Tuberculosis and tuberculin skin test reactivity in pediatric patients with celiac disease

Nafiye Urganci1, Derya Kalyoncu2,3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Minerva Pediatrica
|January 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric celiac disease (CD) patients show similar tuberculin skin test (TST) reactivity to healthy children. However, CD patients with positive TST results have a higher incidence of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric immunology
  • Infectious diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting children.
  • Assessing immune response in pediatric CD patients is crucial.
  • Tuberculin skin test (TST) is a common method for evaluating tuberculosis exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate tuberculin skin test (TST) reactivity in children with celiac disease (CD).
  • To identify factors associated with TST reactivity in pediatric CD patients.
  • To compare TST reactivity between CD patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 28 pediatric CD patients and 28 healthy controls underwent TST.
  • Demographic, clinical, and vaccination data were collected.
  • Association between TST results and factors like malnutrition and gluten-free diet compliance were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in TST reactivity (induration size) was found between CD patients and controls.
  • 32% of CD patients were anergic; malnutrition was noted in one-third of these.
  • A higher prevalence of tuberculosis disease and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was observed in TST-positive CD patients compared to controls (P=0.0007).

Conclusions:

  • Children with celiac disease may have increased susceptibility to tuberculosis.
  • TST is a viable tool for identifying M. tuberculosis infection in BCG-vaccinated children with CD.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is warranted to confirm these findings.
Abstract

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