Microfluidization of Graphite and Formulation of Graphene-Based Conductive Inks

We report the exfoliation of graphite in aqueous solutions under high shear rate [∼ 10⁸ s^-1] turbulent flow conditions, with a 100% exfoliation yield. The material is stabilized without centrifugation at concentrations up to 100 g/L using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt to formulate conductive printable inks. The sheet resistance of blade coated films is below ∼2Ω/□. This is a simple and scalable production route for conductive inks for large-area printing in flexible electronics.