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Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer
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Pharmacological management of relapsed/refractory NSCLC with chemical drugs

Niki Karachaliou1, Aaron E Sosa1, Feliciano Barron Barron2

  • 1a Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell (IOR) , University Hospital Sagrat Cor , Barcelona , Spain.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|January 21, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Lung cancer treatment has improved, especially with targeted therapies for EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements. Checkpoint inhibitors offer new hope for relapsed or refractory lung cancer patients, even those without specific genetic alterations.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Medical Oncology

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death, often diagnosed at advanced stages.
  • Key oncogenic events like EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements have transformed lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
  • Acquired resistance to initial therapies necessitates effective second-line treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current second-line treatment options for relapsed or refractory lung cancer.
  • To explore advancements in chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for advanced lung cancer.
  • To provide expert opinion on the evolving landscape of lung cancer management.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed for studies and reviews published in the last five years.
  • Keywords used include: lung cancer, relapse, EGFR mutations, ALK rearrangements, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.
  • Focus on second-line therapy in lung cancer.

Main Results:

  • Targeted therapies for EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements have significantly improved patient prognosis.
  • Checkpoint inhibitors represent a major advancement, benefiting patients with and without targetable genetic alterations.
  • Chemotherapy and targeted therapies eventually lead to resistance, highlighting the need for novel approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The prognosis for lung cancer patients has markedly improved due to targeted therapies and immunotherapy.
  • Checkpoint inhibitors offer a promising therapeutic avenue for patients with relapsed or refractory lung cancer.
  • Advances in understanding lung cancer biology continue to drive the development of more effective treatments.
Keywords:
ALKEGFRdriver oncogenesimmunotherapylung cancerrelapse

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