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Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
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Immune-mediated processes implicated in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Justin G Lees1, Preet G S Makker1, Ryan S Tonkin1

  • 1School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.

European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
|January 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) involves neuroinflammation, with varying glial activation and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. The exact role of neuroinflammation in CIPN remains unclear in human studies.

Keywords:
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathyHypersensitivityImmune cell activationNeuroinflammationNeurotoxicityParaesthesia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and pain are significant cancer treatment complications.
  • Chemotherapeutics can cause neurotoxicity and modulate the immune system, suggesting neuroimmune interactions.
  • Neuroinflammation is an emerging mechanism underlying CIPN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss recent findings on neuroimmune interactions in CIPN.
  • To explore the role of neuroinflammation in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent findings on neuroimmune interactions in CIPN models.
  • Analysis of leukocyte infiltration, glial activation, and cytokine expression in CIPN.

Main Results:

  • Limited leukocyte infiltration observed in CIPN animal models.
  • Varying degrees of peripheral and central glial activation noted, dependent on chemotherapy specifics.
  • Evidence suggests increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and altered immune signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroinflammation is implicated in CIPN, with glial activation and cytokine changes observed.
  • The precise causal role of neuroinflammation in human CIPN requires further investigation.
  • Distinguishing between cause and bystander effect of neuroinflammation in CIPN is unclear.