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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Neutropenic enterocolitis.

Fabio G Rodrigues1, Giovanna Dasilva1, Steven D Wexner1

  • 1Fabio G Rodrigues, Giovanna Dasilva, Steven D Wexner, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL 33331, United States.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|January 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Neutropenic colitis, a severe condition in immunocompromised patients, arises from intestinal injury and neutropenia. Understanding its pathogenesis is key to improving diagnosis and management of this critical illness.

Keywords:
ImmunocompromiseIntestinal edemaIntestinal mucosal injuryIntramural invasionNeutropeniaNeutropenic colitisNeutropenic enterocolitisPathogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Neutropenic colitis is a serious complication in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy.
  • The precise mechanisms driving its development are not fully elucidated.
  • Key factors include intestinal mucosal damage, neutropenia, and a compromised immune system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of neutropenic colitis pathogenesis.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches for neutropenic colitis.
  • To outline current management strategies for neutropenic colitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on neutropenic colitis.
  • Synthesis of current concepts on disease mechanisms.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Neutropenic colitis involves mucosal injury, leading to edema, vascular engorgement, and barrier dysfunction.
  • Bacterial translocation into the intestinal wall is facilitated by these changes.
  • Chemotherapy agents can directly injure mucosa or disrupt intestinal motility, contributing to necrosis.

Conclusions:

  • Neutropenic colitis pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of host factors and external agents.
  • Accurate diagnosis and timely management are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and combat this condition.