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Agents to reduce cytokine storm

Herwig Gerlach1

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care Medicine, and Pain Management, Vivantes - Klinikum Neukoelln, Klinik fuer Anaesthesie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Berlin, Germany.

F1000Research
|January 21, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Cytokine storm, a dysregulated host response, involves direct toxic and indirect immunomodulatory effects. This review summarizes therapeutic strategies for hyperinflammation in adult patients, primarily those with septic shock.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The term "cytokine storm" emerged over 20 years ago due to insights into pathomechanisms of dysregulated host responses in inflammatory diseases.
  • Cytokine storms involve direct toxic effects and indirect immunomodulatory mechanisms, justifying interventions in hyperinflammatory states and life-threatening infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the background, pathophysiology, and clinical investigation results related to therapeutic strategies for cytokine storm syndromes.
  • To provide insights for developing international guidelines for managing hyperinflammation in adult patients, particularly in septic shock.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical investigations and trials.
  • Focus on studies related to sepsis and septic shock management.

Main Results:

  • Numerous clinical trials, mostly investigator-initiated, have explored treatments for cytokine storm.
  • Major trials have concentrated on sepsis and septic shock, informing therapeutic development.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cytokine storm pathophysiology is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
  • Clinical investigations have laid the groundwork for international guidelines in managing hyperinflammation during cytokine storm syndromes.
Keywords:
cytokine stormhyperinflammationsepsisseptic shock

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