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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Automobile Ignition System01:14

Design Example: Automobile Ignition System

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The automobile's ignition system plays a vital role by ensuring the timely ignition of the fuel-air mixture in each cylinder. This ignition is facilitated by a spark plug, which is composed of two electrodes separated by an air gap. A spark forms across this air gap when a substantial voltage is generated between the electrodes, leading to the ignition of the fuel.
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Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
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Designing a solid shaft that transmits power from a motor to a machine tool involves a series of calculations to ensure the shaft can withstand the stresses applied by bending moments and torques. First, calculate the torque exerted on the gear, considering the power transmitted by the shaft and its rotational speed. Following this, compute the tangential forces acting on the gears, which directly relate to the torque and the gear radius.
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Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
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The internal combustion engine is a heat engine that uses the byproducts of combustion as the working fluid instead of using a heat transfer medium to transfer heat. The combustion is done in a way that produces high-pressure combustion products that can be expanded through a turbine or piston to create work. Internal combustion engines can again be categorized into three kinds: (1) spark ignition gasoline engines, most commonly used in automobiles, (2) compression ignition diesel engines that...
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Related Experiment Video

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Structural Design and Manufacturing of a Cruiser Class Solar Vehicle
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A drive in SUVs: From development to disease.

Vinay Kumar Rao1, Ananya Pal1, Reshma Taneja1

  • 1a Department of Physiology , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore.

Epigenetics
|January 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

SUV39 family lysine methyltransferases regulate gene expression controlling cell cycle progression, differentiation, and senescence. Aberrant expression of these epigenetic regulators is linked to cancer development.

Keywords:
Cancercell cyclechromatin modifiersdifferentiationgene regulationheterochromatinhistonesmethylation

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cell fate decisions, including cell cycle progression and differentiation, involve specific gene expression patterns.
  • Chromatin modifiers, particularly lysine methyltransferases (KMTs), establish heritable epigenetic patterns crucial for regulating gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biochemical properties, localization, and functions of the SUV39 sub-family of KMTs.
  • To discuss the role of SUV39 KMTs in cell cycle, differentiation, and senescence.
  • To explore the aberrant expression of these KMTs in cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biochemical and functional studies on SUV39 family KMTs.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns related to cell cycle, differentiation, and senescence.
  • Examination of studies linking KMT expression to cancer.

Main Results:

  • SUV39 family KMTs (SUV39H1, SUV39H2, G9a, GLP, SETDB1, SETDB2) are key regulators of gene expression.
  • These KMTs influence cell cycle progression, terminal differentiation, and cellular senescence.
  • Dysregulation of SUV39 KMTs is observed in cancers, correlating with cell cycle and differentiation abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • SUV39 family KMTs are critical epigenetic regulators of fundamental cellular processes.
  • Their aberrant expression in cancer highlights their importance in oncogenesis.
  • Further research into these KMTs may offer therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.