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Environment, susceptibility windows, development, and child health.

Robert O Wright1

  • 1Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.

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The exposome, or total environmental exposures, significantly impacts child health. Understanding the timing of these exposures is crucial for preventing complex diseases and improving developmental outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health Sciences
  • Pediatric Health
  • Exposure Science

Background:

  • The exposome encompasses all environmental exposures from conception onwards.
  • Childhood is a critical window for environmental exposures impacting long-term health.
  • Unique factors in children, like behavior and development, influence exposure patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the exposome's role in child health.
  • To emphasize the time-dependent nature of environmental exposures on fetal programming and child development.
  • To introduce the NIH Child Health Environmental Analysis Resource (CHEAR) as crucial infrastructure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of exposome research in child health.
  • Identification of overlapping exposure mechanisms (e.g., endocrine disruption, oxidative stress).
  • Emphasis on advances in exposure science, toxicology, and biostatistics.

Main Results:

  • Environmental exposures can have overlapping biological mechanisms.
  • The timing of exposure, not just the dose, dictates long-term health effects.
  • New opportunities exist to define critical windows of susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Maturing exposure science will clarify the environment's impact on health.
  • Integrating exposome data with genomics is key to understanding complex diseases.
  • CHEAR provides essential infrastructure for advancing exposome research in children.