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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

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Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion01:18

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion

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Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis CASP - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis
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Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis CASP - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis

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Abdominal sepsis.

Quirine J J Boldingh1, Fleur E E de Vries, Marja A Boermeester

  • 1Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Current Opinion in Critical Care
|January 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Immediate abdominal closure after surgery for abdominal sepsis improves patient outcomes. Shorter antibiotic courses are as effective as longer ones for intra-abdominal infections without severe sepsis.

Area of Science:

  • Surgical critical care
  • Infectious disease management
  • Abdominal surgery

Background:

  • Abdominal sepsis presents complex management challenges.
  • Surgical intervention is a cornerstone of treatment.
  • Optimizing surgical strategies is crucial for patient recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on abdominal sepsis treatment.
  • To emphasize surgical management strategies.
  • To identify best practices in surgical care for abdominal sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent literature.
  • Analysis of surgical approaches and outcomes.
  • Evaluation of antibiotic therapy duration.

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Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis CASP - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis
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Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
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Main Results:

  • Immediate abdominal closure demonstrates superior outcomes compared to delayed closure.
  • Short-course antibiotics show comparable efficacy to long-course therapy in specific patient groups.
  • Negative pressure therapy with mesh-mediated traction is effective for delayed closure when primary closure is not feasible.

Conclusions:

  • Multidisciplinary management is essential for abdominal sepsis.
  • Permanent abdominal closure post-source control is preferred, with re-exploration reserved for deterioration.
  • Damage control surgery lacks proven benefit in abdominal sepsis; delayed closure techniques should be considered when primary closure is impossible.