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Gold Nanoshell-Mediated Remote Myotube Activation.

Attilio Marino1, Satoshi Arai2,3, Yanyan Hou2

  • 1Center for Micro-BioRobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera (Pisa) 56025, Italy.

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Summary

This study shows that mild heat stimulation using gold nanoshells and near-infrared light can remotely trigger muscle cell contractions. This non-invasive technique enhances muscle gene expression, offering potential for regenerative medicine.

Keywords:
C2C12 myotubescalcium imagingcell heatingintracellular thermometrynear-infrared radiation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cellular Physiology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Mild heat stimulation of muscle cells can modulate cellular functions.
  • Photothermal conversion offers a method for remote cellular stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate remote stimulation of striated muscle cells using gold nanoshells and near-infrared (NIR) radiation.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms and downstream effects of this stimulation technique.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized gold nanoshells (NSs) and NIR radiation for photothermal conversion.
  • Employed an intracellular fluorescent molecular thermometer to measure temperature changes.
  • Investigated muscle cell responses, including contraction and gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Achieved approximately 5 °C temperature increments, inducing efficient myotube contraction.
  • Identified the contraction mechanism as a Ca2+-independent event involving actin-myosin interactions.
  • Observed increased mRNA transcription of heat shock proteins and sirtuin 1 following chronic stimulation, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Remote photothermal stimulation using NIR and NSs is an effective wireless technique for muscle excitation.
  • This method holds significant potential for applications in muscle tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and bionics.