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Published on: February 23, 2014
Timeliness and risk factors associated with delay for pneumococcal conjugate 10-valent routine immunization in
Ana Lucia Sartori1, Ruth Minamisava2, Eliane Terezinha Afonso3
1Department of Community Health, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, Brazil; Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Insights
Vaccination timeliness for the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV10) vaccine is a concern in Brazil, with significant delays observed for third and booster doses. Many children miss recommended PCV10 vaccinations by six months, impacting immunization program effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Immunology
Background:
- Vaccination coverage is a key metric for immunization programs.
- Timeliness of vaccination, especially for infants at high risk, is crucial.
- The 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) is vital for preventing pneumococcal disease in young children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the timeliness of PCV10 vaccination in a Brazilian cohort.
- To identify factors associated with delays in PCV10 vaccine doses.
- To evaluate the completion of the PCV10 3+1 schedule.
Main Methods:
- A population-based retrospective cohort study of children born in 2012 in Central Brazil.
- Analysis of routinely collected administrative data for PCV10 vaccination timeliness.
- Log-binomial regression models to identify risk factors for vaccination delays.
Main Results:
- Delayed vaccination was observed in 9.4% (1st dose), 23.8% (2nd dose), 36.8% (3rd dose), and 39.9% (booster).
- 12.8% of children had not received recommended PCV10 doses by 6 months of age.
- Significant delays were noted for the third and booster PCV10 doses.
Conclusions:
- There are considerable delays in the third and booster doses of PCV10 in Brazil.
- A substantial number of children do not receive timely PCV10 vaccination, indicating an issue with timeliness despite high coverage.
- Improving vaccination timeliness is essential for maximizing the impact of PCV10 immunization programs.
Background:
Vaccination coverage is the usual metrics to evaluate the immunization programs performance. For the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV10) vaccine, measuring the delay of vaccination is also important, particularly as younger children are at increased risk of disease. Routinely collected administrative data was used to assess the timeliness of PCV10 vaccination, and the factors associated with delay to receive the first and second doses, and the completion of the PCV10 3+1 schedule.
Methods:
A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted with children born in 2012 in Central Brazil. Children who received the PCV10 first dose in public health services were followed-up until 23months of age. Timeliness of receiving each PCV10 dose at any given age was defined as receiving the dose within 28days grace period from the recommended age by the National Immunization Program. Log-binomial regression models were used to examine risk factors for delays of the first dose and the completion PCV10 3+1 schedule.
Results:
In total, 14,282 children were included in the cohort of study. Delayed vaccination occurred in 9.4%, 23.8%, 36.8% and 39.9% children for the first, second, third and the booster doses, respectively. A total of 1912 children (12.8% of the cohort) were not adequately vaccinated at the 6months of life; 1,071 (7%) received the second dose after 6months of age, 784 (5.4%) did not receive the second dose, and 57 (0.4%) received the first dose after six months of life.
Conclusion:
A considerable delay was found in PCV10 third and booster doses. Almost 2 thousand children had not received the recommended PCV10 doses at 6months of age. Timeliness of vaccination is an issue in Brazil although high vaccination coverages.
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