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Pleiotropic responses to methionine restriction.

Gene P Ables1, Jay E Johnson1

  • 1Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc., 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY 10516, USA.

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|January 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Methionine restriction (MR) extends lifespan and improves healthspan across species. This dietary intervention enhances metabolism, reduces oxidative stress, and shows promise in cancer and age-related disease models.

Keywords:
BoneCancerCardiovascularInvertebratesLifespan extensionMethionine restrictionYeast

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Area of Science:

  • Longevity research
  • Nutritional science
  • Metabolic health

Background:

  • Methionine restriction (MR) is known to extend lifespan in various species.
  • Key responses in rodents include reduced adipose tissue (AT) mass and improved liver insulin sensitivity.
  • Emerging research highlights molecular mechanisms underlying MR's healthspan benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse in vivo effects of methionine restriction.
  • To emphasize MR's impact on cardiovascular function, bone development, epithelial integrity, and cancer.
  • To discuss MR's effects in invertebrate model organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on methionine restriction studies.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms in rodent and invertebrate models.
  • Examination of MR's effects on various physiological systems and disease models.

Main Results:

  • MR induces a futile lipid cycle and beige AT accumulation, increasing energy expenditure.
  • MR upregulates fibroblast growth factor 21 in the liver, improving glucose metabolism.
  • MR reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress across multiple organs and demonstrates benefits in cancer models.

Conclusions:

  • Methionine restriction offers broad health benefits, extending lifespan and improving healthspan.
  • MR impacts metabolism, oxidative stress, cardiovascular health, bone development, and cancer.
  • MR's conserved effects across species highlight its potential as a therapeutic strategy.