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Does cutting a plaster window weaken its strength?

Nimesh Patel1, Lance Wilson2, Guy Wansbrough1

  • 1Torbay Hospital, Torquay, UK.

Injury
|January 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Creating a window in orthopedic casts significantly weakens their structural integrity, reducing load-bearing capacity by up to 51%. This study highlights the need for caution and specific precautions when windowing casts to prevent plaster failure.

Keywords:
Mechanical failurePlasterPlaster failureStrengthWindow

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic biomechanics
  • Materials science in medicine

Background:

  • Plaster cast windows are used for pressure relief and wound access.
  • Concerns exist regarding windowing's impact on fracture stability and cast strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical effects of windowing on the strength of orthopedic casts.
  • To quantify the weakening effect of cast windows on different casting materials.

Main Methods:

  • A laboratory study compared standardized Plaster of Paris (POP), Softcast, and Fibreglass casts.
  • Casts were tested with and without a 60x40mm central window using an Instron machine.
  • Bending, kinking, and torsion loads were applied to determine load to failure.

Main Results:

  • Windowing significantly reduced the load to failure for all tested cast materials.
  • POP casts weakened by 23.1% (bending) and 38.5% (kinking).
  • Fibreglass casts weakened by 25.9% (bending) and 35.3% (kinking).
  • Softcast weakened by 29% (bending) and 51.5% (kinking).

Conclusions:

  • A 60x40mm window weakens POP, Fibreglass, and Softcast materials by up to 51% under 3-point loading.
  • Precautions are advised, including minimizing window size and reinforcing the area.
  • Patients should be informed about the increased risk of cast weakening and failure.