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Transcriptomic signatures for ovulation in vertebrates.

Dong Teng Liu1, Michael S Brewer2, Shixi Chen3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361102, People's Republic of China; Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, United States.

General and Comparative Endocrinology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals over 3000 genes differentially expressed in zebrafish follicular cells before ovulation, highlighting key pathways like inflammatory response and cell division. These findings advance our understanding of ovulation and fertility regulation.

Keywords:
KnockoutOvulationPgrTALENsTranscriptomicsZebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genomics
  • Zebrafish Model Systems

Background:

  • The roles of luteinizing hormone (LH) and progestin in ovulation are known, but the specific signaling pathways and downstream genes, particularly proteases, crucial for follicular rupture remain unclear.
  • Nuclear progestin receptor (Pgr) knockout (Pgr-KO) zebrafish present a novel model for investigating genes and pathways vital for ovulation and fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize differentially expressed genes in preovulatory follicular cells of wild-type (WT) versus Pgr-KO zebrafish using RNA-Seq.
  • To compare conserved ovulatory gene expression across species and visualize key biological processes and pathways involved in ovulation.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on preovulatory follicular cells from WT and Pgr-KO zebrafish.
  • Differential gene expression analysis was conducted, identifying significantly altered transcripts (fold change ≥ 2, p < 0.05).
  • Conserved gene analysis across fish, mice, and humans was performed, and enrichment analysis utilized tools like Enrichment Map and Cytoscape.

Main Results:

  • A total of 3567 genes were significantly differentially expressed between WT and Pgr-KO fish; 1543 were upregulated and 2024 downregulated in WT.
  • 661 conserved genes showed similar expression patterns in ovulating versus non-ovulating animals across species.
  • Upregulated genes were associated with inflammatory response, angiogenesis, cytokine production, and cytoskeleton reorganization; downregulated genes were linked to DNA replication, repair, and cell division.

Conclusions:

  • Ovulation involves a substantial transcriptional shift (>3000 genes) in follicular cells, suppressing growth programs and activating inflammatory and apoptotic processes.
  • The study identified conserved ovulatory genes and pathways, providing a foundation for further research into the ovulatory circuit in zebrafish.
  • These findings offer insights into the genetic regulation of ovulation and potential targets for fertility research.