Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Isolation of Primary Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells and Their Use in Creating a Microphysiological Model of the Renal Proximal Tubule
07:06

Isolation of Primary Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells and Their Use in Creating a Microphysiological Model of the Renal Proximal Tubule

Published on: May 9, 2025

939

Xenobiotic transporters and kidney injury

Blessy George1, Dahea You1, Melanie S Joy2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|January 24, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Kidney proximal tubule transporters handle toxic substances, influencing chemical accumulation and kidney injury. Understanding these transport mechanisms is key to predicting and preventing nephrotoxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Renal proximal tubules are susceptible to toxic injury due to xenobiotic transport.
  • Transporter alterations can increase toxicant accumulation and kidney damage.
  • Nephrotoxicants include environmental chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of xenobiotic transport in renal tubule cells.
  • To explore how transporters influence toxicant entry and exit.
  • To understand the role of transport proteins in mediating kidney injury.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on renal transporters and nephrotoxicity.
  • Analysis of mechanisms of xenobiotic uptake and efflux.
  • Examination of factors influencing toxicant accumulation in kidney cells.

Main Results:

  • Transporters mediate both the uptake and efflux of xenobiotics in renal tubules.
  • Dysfunctional or altered transporter expression can lead to increased toxicant levels.
  • Competition for excretion and genetic variations in transporters affect nephrotoxicity risk.

Conclusions:

  • Transport proteins critically regulate xenobiotic accumulation in the kidneys.
  • Understanding transporter roles is essential for predicting and mitigating nephrotoxicity.
  • This knowledge aids in assessing risks from environmental and pharmaceutical exposures.
Keywords:
BCRPMATE1MATE2-KMDR1MRP2OATOCT2OCTN2Transporters

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