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Chemical colitis caused by hydrogen peroxide enema in a child: case report and literature review

Joon Sang Lee1, Jung Kyung Yoo1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Environmental Health and Toxicology
|January 24, 2017
PubMed

Insights

A child experienced severe abdominal pain and rectal bleeding after an accidental hydrogen peroxide enema. This case highlights chemical colitis in children, emphasizing the need for careful handling of household chemicals.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Accidental ingestion or administration of household chemicals can lead to severe gastrointestinal injury in children.
  • Hydrogen peroxide, a common disinfectant, can cause chemical burns and inflammation when ingested or administered rectally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first case of acute chemical colitis in a child resulting from an accidental hydrogen peroxide enema.
  • To raise awareness among healthcare providers regarding the potential dangers of hydrogen peroxide enemas in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A case report of a 2-year-old girl presenting with abdominal pain and hematochezia after accidental hydrogen peroxide enema.
  • Clinical evaluation including laboratory tests, radiological imaging, and endoscopy.
  • Management involved bowel rest, intravenous fluids, and parenteral antibiotics.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed acute chemical colitis secondary to hydrogen peroxide exposure.
  • Laboratory, radiologic, and endoscopic findings confirmed the diagnosis.
  • The child recovered fully with conservative management and was discharged on the tenth hospital day.

Conclusions:

  • Accidental hydrogen peroxide enemas can cause significant gastrointestinal injury, including acute chemical colitis, in children.
  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate supportive care are crucial for managing such injuries.
  • This case underscores the importance of caregiver education on the safe storage and use of household chemicals.

Keywords:
ChildrenColitisHydrogen peroxide

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