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    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |January 24, 2017
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    This study introduces self-powered biosensors with forward error correcting (FEC) capability, integrating paper microfluidics and QR codes for analyte detection via smartphone scanning. This novel approach enables reliable, low-cost diagnostics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Nanotechnology
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Developing reliable, self-powered biosensors is crucial for point-of-care diagnostics.
    • Existing biosensor technologies often lack error correction capabilities and require complex instrumentation.
    • Previous work focused on silver-enhancement based self-assembling structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and demonstrate reliable, self-powered biosensors with forward error correcting (FEC) capability.
    • To integrate paper-based microfluidics with Quick Response (QR) codes for analyte detection.
    • To enable smartphone-based optical scanning and web-server processing for determining analyte concentrations.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing silver-enhancement based self-assembling structures for biosensor fabrication.
    • Integrating paper-based microfluidics with QR codes patterned on polyethylene substrates.
    • Employing inkjet printing and ballpoint dispensing for QR code patterning.
    • Incorporating immobilized gold nanorods for self-assembly of QR code components.
    • Developing a system for smartphone-based optical scanning and web-server data analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated proof-of-concept for QR encoded FEC biosensors.
    • Successfully integrated paper microfluidics with QR codes for analyte detection.
    • Validated the use of smartphone scanning for decoding biosensor information.
    • Showcased the self-assembly of QR code parts in the presence of target analytes.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed FEC biosensor design offers a reliable and self-powered platform for analyte detection.
    • Integration of paper microfluidics, QR codes, and smartphone technology provides a low-cost and accessible diagnostic tool.
    • The developed biosensor system demonstrates potential for widespread application in diagnostics and monitoring.