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Related Concept Videos

Reducing Line Loss01:18

Reducing Line Loss

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In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
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Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines01:21

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Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
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Lossless Lines01:23

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In electrical engineering, a lossless transmission line is characterized by a purely imaginary propagation constant and a resistive characteristic impedance. The ABCD parameters, which describe the relationship between the input and output voltages and currents, indicate an equivalent π circuit with an imaginary series impedance and a shunt admittance. This results in a transmission line that, when the product of the phase constant (beta) and the length of the line is less than pi, exhibits...
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The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
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Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next...
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Downsampling01:20

Downsampling

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When considering a sampled sequence with zero values between sampling instants, one can replace it by taking every N-th value of the sequence. At these integer multiples of N, the original and sampled sequences coincide. This process, known as decimation, involves extracting every N-th sample from a sequence, thereby creating a more efficient sequence.
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Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo
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Piecewise Mapping in HEVC Lossless Intra-Prediction Coding.

Victor Sanchez, Francesc Auli-Llinas, Joan Serra-Sagrista

    IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
    |January 24, 2017
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    This study introduces piecewise mapping (pwm) functions to enhance lossless video coding. The novel approach significantly reduces bitrate for screen content and camera-captured materials by reversibly mapping residual values.

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    Area of Science:

    • Video compression technology
    • Digital signal processing
    • Information theory

    Background:

    • High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) offers lossless intra-prediction for professional applications.
    • Existing methods like differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) have limitations in energy reduction.
    • Accurately predicting residual values is challenging for current techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel approach for reducing energy in intra-predicted residual blocks.
    • To improve bitrate reduction in lossless video coding.
    • To introduce piecewise mapping (pwm) functions for reversible residual value transformation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of residual block value ranges.
    • Application of piecewise mapping (pwm) functions for reversible value transformation.
    • Encoding pwm function parameters for decoder reconstruction.

    Main Results:

    • Piecewise mapping (pwm) functions achieve maximum bitrate reductions of 5.54% (screen content vs. DPCM) and 28.33% (screen content vs. block-wise intra-prediction).
    • For camera-captured material, piecewise mapping (pwm) achieves a maximum bitrate reduction of 11.48% compared to intra-block copy.
    • The proposed method ensures reversible mapping, introducing no data loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Piecewise mapping (pwm) functions offer a significant improvement in bitrate reduction for lossless video coding.
    • The method is effective for both screen content and camera-captured video sequences.
    • This technique enhances the efficiency of HEVC lossless intra-prediction for professional applications.