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Lung Function in Women with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty: A Pilot Study
Insights
Women with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) exhibit reduced lung function. This suggests potential long-term respiratory health implications requiring further investigation into hormonal influences.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pulmonology
- Pediatric Endocrinology
Background:
- Early menarche is linked to diminished lung function in women.
- Idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) involves early puberty onset.
- GnRH agonist (GnRHa) treatment is used for ICPP.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess lung function in women with a history of ICPP treated with GnRHa.
- To compare lung function between ICPP survivors and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 23 women with ICPP and 23 age-matched controls were evaluated.
- Methods included questionnaires, spirometry (pre- and post-bronchodilator), impulse oscillometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement.
- Lung function parameters such as FEV1, PEF, MMEF, and airway resistance were assessed.
Main Results:
- Women with ICPP demonstrated significantly lower lung function (FEV1, PEF, MMEF) compared to controls.
- Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was also significantly lower in the ICPP group.
- Negative correlations were found between lung function parameters and indicators of puberty onset (hysterometry, age at diagnosis).
Conclusions:
- Women with a history of ICPP treated with GnRHa may experience persistent deficits in lung function.
- The findings highlight the need to consider the interplay between sex hormones and airway development in precocious puberty.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the long-term respiratory effects of ICPP and its treatment.
Background:
Studies have reported that women with early menarche (≤10 years) have lower lung function.
Aim:
To investigate lung function in women with a history of idio pathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) treated during childhood with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa).
Methods:
ICPP women (n = 23) were compared with healthy age-matched controls (n = 23). Subjects were clinically evaluated by means of a questionnaire, baseline and post-β2 agonist spirometry, impulse oscillometry (a measure of airway resistance), and measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO).
Results:
Patients had lower lung function values than controls: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (median 97.90 vs. 109.45; p = 0.011), FEV1 after β2 agonist (100.80 vs. 114.10; p = 0.013), peak expiratory flow (92.90 vs. 97.95; p = 0.031), and maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) (80.80 vs. 106.30; p = 0.008). FeNO was significantly lower in the patients (p < 0.001). Significant reversibility of FEV1 after β2 agonist was observed in 8.7% of the patients. FEV1/forced vital capacity and MMEF after β2 agonist correlated negatively with hysterometry at diagnosis (p = 0.009 and p = 0.03, respectively). There was a negative correlation between age at diagnosis and airway resistance.
Conclusions:
Women with ICPP seem to have lower lung function despite treatment with GnRHa. Further research on the effects of sex hormones on the airways should take into account potential interplay with factors affecting the start of puberty. .
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