Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.4K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
1.4K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.7K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.7K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.0K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
3.0K
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

7.1K
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Valorization of pulp reject into green flocculant for antibiotic wastewater: Performance, interfacial interaction mechanisms, and life cycle assessment.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Distinct hydrolyzed Al-Ti species govern the coagulation behavior and subsequent anaerobic fermentation of CEPS sludge.

Water research·2026
Same author

Study on the efficacy and fluoride removal mechanism of a novel silica-aluminum composite coagulant.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

D-band broadening drives pollutant oxidative polymerization for intermediate-free water purification.

Water research·2026
Same author

Investigation of Imprinted Polymers for Lithium-Ion Recovery from Low-Grade Brine: Preparation, Application, and Evaluation.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Deciphering the flocculation mechanism of cellulose - modified polymers for antibiotic and co-pollutant removal: Structural determinants from structure-activity relationships.

Journal of environmental sciences (China)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification
07:32

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

Published on: April 7, 2017

10.1K

Novel cationic polyamidine: Synthesis, characterization, and sludge dewatering performance.

Bo Guo1, Huan Yu1, Baoyu Gao1

  • 1Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.

Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
|January 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A novel polyamidine was synthesized for efficient sludge dewatering. This new polymer demonstrated superior flocculation performance compared to polyacrylamide, significantly reducing sludge volume and moisture content.

Keywords:
CharacterizationPolyamidineSludge dewateringSynthesis

More Related Videos

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials
08:55

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials

Published on: June 25, 2018

8.6K
Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

14.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification
07:32

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

Published on: April 7, 2017

10.1K
Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials
08:55

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials

Published on: June 25, 2018

8.6K
Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

14.7K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Engineering

Background:

  • Sludge dewatering is crucial for wastewater treatment and resource recovery.
  • Conventional dewatering agents like polyacrylamide have limitations in efficiency.
  • Development of novel flocculants with enhanced performance is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a novel polyamidine with a unique five-membered ring structure.
  • To optimize the synthesis conditions for polyamidine production.
  • To evaluate the performance of polyamidine in sludge dewatering applications.

Main Methods:

  • Facile synthesis route involving copolymerization of N-vinylformamide and acrylonitrile, followed by acid treatment.
  • Optimization of polymerization parameters including time, temperature, and initiator dosage.
  • Characterization using SEM, FT-IR, XPS, and NMR spectroscopy.
  • Sludge dewatering tests comparing polyamidine with polyacrylamide.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of polyamidine with abundant cations and a five-membered ring structure.
  • Optimized conditions led to a compact molecular structure, enhancing viscosity and flocculation.
  • Polyamidine achieved 34.3% sludge sedimentation, significantly outperforming polyacrylamide (6.8%).
  • Reduced moisture content in dehydrated floc to 77.7% at 60 mg/L polyamidine dosage.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized polyamidine exhibits excellent flocculation properties for sludge dewatering.
  • The novel structure and properties of polyamidine offer a promising alternative to existing dewatering agents.
  • Polyamidine demonstrates significant potential for practical application in improving sludge treatment efficiency.