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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

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Early onset fetal growth restriction

Andrea Dall'Asta1,2, Valentina Brunelli3, Federico Prefumo3

  • 1Centre for Fetal Care, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS United Kingdom.

Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology
|January 25, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Early diagnosis of fetal growth restriction (FGR) before 32 weeks, characterized by small fetal size and Doppler abnormalities, is crucial. This review covers current evidence on FGR diagnosis, management, and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Fetal growth restriction (FGR) diagnosed before 32 weeks presents significant risks.
  • It is identified by fetal smallness and Doppler abnormalities.
  • Associated with increased perinatal morbidity, mortality, and maternal complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the diagnosis of FGR before 32 weeks.
  • To discuss management options for early-onset FGR.
  • To summarize the prognosis and postnatal outcomes for affected fetuses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on FGR.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding diagnostic criteria.
  • Analysis of management strategies and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Early FGR diagnosis relies on specific fetal size and Doppler criteria.
  • Management strategies aim to optimize perinatal outcomes.
  • Prognosis is linked to severity and timing of diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and timely management are essential for improving outcomes in early FGR.
  • Continued research is vital for refining treatment protocols.
  • Understanding pathophysiology aids in better patient care.

Keywords:
Antenatal counselingFetal DopplerFetal complicationsIatrogenic preterm deliveryNeonatal intensive care unit

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