Chemopreventive Effects of Germinated Rough Rice Crude Extract in Inhibiting Azoxymethane-Induced Aberrant Crypt Foci...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nutritional Science
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Cancer chemoprevention is crucial due to limited therapeutic success.
• Diet significantly influences cancer development.
• Germinated rough rice (GRR) contains bioactive compounds with potential cancer-preventive properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the chemopreventive effects of germinated rough rice (GRR) crude extract.
• To evaluate GRR's impact on azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats.
• To assess GRR's influence on aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and beta-catenin expression.

Main Methods:

• Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups.
• Colon cancer was induced using azoxymethane (AOM).
• Rats received varying doses of GRR extract (500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg) or a control.
• Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were histopathologically evaluated, and beta-catenin expression was analyzed via Western blot.

Main Results:

• The highest dose of GRR (2000 mg/kg) significantly reduced the size and number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF).
• This dose also yielded the highest percentage of non-dysplastic ACF.
• The 2000 mg/kg GRR group exhibited the lowest beta-catenin expression levels.

Conclusions:

• Germinated rough rice (GRR) crude extract demonstrates significant chemopreventive properties against azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats.
• GRR extract, particularly at higher doses, effectively reduces pre-cancerous lesions and modulates key molecular pathways.
• GRR shows potential as a dietary supplement for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention.