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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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[Gastrointestinal infections].

C Lübbert1,2, R Mutters3

  • 1Fachbereich Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Gastroenterologie und Rheumatologie, Department für Innere Medizin, Neurologie und Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland. christoph.luebbert@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers infectious diarrhea diagnostics and treatment, focusing on key pathogens like Norovirus and Clostridium difficile. It emphasizes symptomatic therapy and judicious antibiotic use due to rising bacterial resistance.

Keywords:
Anti-infective agentsClostridium difficileDiarrheaDrug resistance, microbialGastrointestinal tract

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Infectious diarrhea remains a prevalent global health concern.
  • Key pathogens include Norovirus, Rotavirus, Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, and pathogenic Escherichia coli.
  • Clostridium difficile infections are increasingly significant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current diagnostic and treatment strategies for infectious diarrhea.
  • To highlight important pathogens and their management.
  • To discuss the role of antibiotics and emerging therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on infectious diarrhea diagnostics and treatment.
  • Focus on common and emerging pathogens.
  • Analysis of therapeutic recommendations and resistance patterns.

Main Results:

  • Symptomatic therapy is the cornerstone of treatment.
  • Empirical antibiotics are reserved for severe cases, considering bacterial resistance.
  • Motility inhibitors have specific contraindications.
  • Fidaxomicin and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) show promise for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of infectious diarrhea relies on accurate diagnostics and appropriate treatment.
  • Antimicrobial stewardship is crucial due to increasing resistance.
  • Novel therapeutic options are emerging for complex cases like recurrent Clostridium difficile infections.