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Airflow limitation severity and post-operative pulmonary complications following extra-pulmonary surgery in COPD

Beomsu Shin¹, Hyun Lee¹, Danbee Kang^2,3,4

¹Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)

|January 25, 2017

Abstract

Background And Objective:

The association between airflow limitation severity and post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) among COPD patients undergoing extra-pulmonary surgery is unknown. We evaluated the association between forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁ ) and PPC in COPD patients undergoing extra-pulmonary surgery.

Methods:

Using prospective cohort of PPC evaluation for extra-pulmonary surgery, we identified 694 COPD patients who conducted PPC evaluation before extra-pulmonary surgery between March 2014 and January 2015 at a tertiary hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Results:

The overall incidence of PPC was 24.4%. The incidence of PPC in quintiles 1-5 of FEV₁ (% predicted) was 31.4, 25.8, 23.7, 21.6 and 19.7%, respectively (P for trend: 0.019). In fully adjusted multivariable models, the relative risks (RRs, 95% CI) for PPC comparing participants in quintiles 1-4 of FEV₁ (% predicted) with those in quintile 5 were 1.69 (1.03-2.79), 1.41 (0.83-2.37), 1.26 (0.75-2.11) and 1.30 (0.76-2.22), respectively (P for trend: 0.046). The association of severe airflow limitation with respiratory failure and post-operative exacerbations was stronger in participants who did not use bronchodilators compared with those who did.

Conclusion:

We found a progressive and significant relationship between severity of airflow limitation and the incidence of PPC in COPD patients undergoing extra-pulmonary surgery. Furthermore, perioperative bronchodilator use was associated with a reduced risk of respiratory failure and post-operative exacerbations in patients with severe airflow limitation.

Keywords:

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complications spirometry surgery

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