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Related Concept Videos

Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
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Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
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Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Head and neck cancers in India.

Mitali Dandekar1, Vidisha Tuljapurkar2, Harsh Dhar2

  • 1Paras Cancer Centre, Patna, India.

Journal of Surgical Oncology
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PubMed
Summary

Head and neck cancers are a significant health issue in India, presenting unique challenges due to local factors. Management strategies are adapted using evidence-based guidelines to suit the specific Indian context.

Keywords:
Indiahead and cancerstobacco

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Head and neck cancers represent a substantial portion of the cancer burden in India.
  • These cancers exhibit distinct patient demographics, clinical presentations, and etiological factors compared to Western populations.
  • Management is complicated by socioeconomic limitations, a vast patient pool, and a shortage of healthcare professionals and infrastructure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the unique aspects of head and neck cancer management in India.
  • To discuss the challenges and adaptations in treating these cancers within the Indian healthcare system.
  • To emphasize the application of evidence-based guidelines tailored to the local context.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on head and neck cancers in India.
  • Analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics specific to the Indian population.
  • Examination of healthcare system constraints and their impact on cancer management.

Main Results:

  • Head and neck cancers are a major oncological challenge in India, accounting for a significant disease burden.
  • Unique etiological factors and patient profiles necessitate region-specific treatment approaches.
  • Evidence-based guidelines are adapted to address local socioeconomic and infrastructural realities.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of head and neck cancers in India requires tailored strategies that acknowledge unique patient characteristics and systemic challenges.
  • Adapting evidence-based guidelines to the local scenario is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes despite resource limitations.
  • Addressing the specific epidemiological and socioeconomic context is vital for improving head and neck cancer care in India.