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Microencapsulation with alginate/CaCO3: A strategy for improved phage therapy.

Joan Colom1, Mary Cano-Sarabia2, Jennifer Otero1

  • 1Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.

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Summary

Alginate/CaCO3 encapsulation protects bacteriophages from stomach acid, enhancing their efficacy for oral therapy in broilers against Salmonella. This method ensures effective phage delivery and retention in the intestinal tract.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Science
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Bacteriophages show therapeutic potential in food production, particularly for oral administration to farm animals.
  • Challenges like low stomach pH and digestive enzymes limit the efficacy of orally administered bacteriophages.
  • Effective delivery systems are needed to protect bacteriophages and ensure their survival in the gastrointestinal tract.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an alginate/CaCO3 encapsulation method for bacteriophages.
  • To assess the efficacy of encapsulated bacteriophages as an oral therapy against Salmonella in broilers under farm-like conditions.

Main Methods:

  • An alginate/CaCO3 encapsulation technique was optimized for bacteriophages of various morphologies, achieving ~100% encapsulation efficiency.
  • A cocktail of three encapsulated bacteriophages was orally administered to Salmonella-infected commercial broilers.
  • Encapsulated and non-encapsulated phage cocktails were compared for therapeutic efficacy and intestinal retention.

Main Results:

  • The alginate/CaCO3 encapsulation method successfully protected bacteriophages from gastric acid degradation.
  • Encapsulated phages demonstrated sustained release in simulated intestinal fluid and sufficient intestinal retention.
  • The encapsulated phage cocktail exhibited greater and more durable efficacy against Salmonella in broilers compared to non-encapsulated phages.

Conclusions:

  • Alginate/CaCO3 encapsulation is a viable strategy to enhance the oral delivery and therapeutic efficacy of bacteriophages.
  • This method offers a promising approach for controlling foodborne pathogens like Salmonella in poultry farming.
  • The small capsule size makes this technology suitable for broad applications in phage therapy.