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Correlation of symptomatic enterovirus infection and later risk of allergic diseases via a population-based cohort

Zon-Min Lee1, Ying-Hsien Huang, Shu-Chen Ho

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Medicine
|January 26, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children with herpangina face higher risks of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Hand, foot, and mouth disease in children is linked to a lower risk of developing asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Viral infections in infancy are associated with increased risks of respiratory conditions like asthma.
  • The link between specific enterovirus infections in early childhood and the subsequent development of allergic diseases requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between symptomatic enterovirus infections (herpangina and hand, foot, and mouth disease) in preschoolers and the risk of developing allergic diseases.
  • To compare the subsequent risks of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in children with a history of herpangina or hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Main Methods:

  • Nationwide population-based cohort study utilizing data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (1999-2006).
  • Comparison of allergic disease incidence (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) between children diagnosed with herpangina or hand, foot, and mouth disease and a control group.
  • Cox proportional hazards model was employed to analyze the risks throughout the follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • Children with a history of herpangina showed a significantly increased risk of developing allergic rhinitis (aHR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02-1.30) and atopic dermatitis (aHR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.17-1.63).
  • Children diagnosed with hand, foot, and mouth disease exhibited a decreased risk of developing asthma (aHR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.93).
  • The study evaluated 8337 subjects, including 3267 children in the infection cohort and 5070 in the comparison cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Previous herpangina infection in children is associated with a higher risk of developing atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis later in life.
  • Hand, foot, and mouth disease in childhood may be associated with a reduced subsequent risk of asthma.
  • These findings highlight potential differential impacts of enterovirus infections on the development of allergic diseases.

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