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Predictors of peripheral arterial disease in SLE change with patient's age

Jose-Gabriel Erdozain1, Irama Villar1, Javier Nieto1

  • 1Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine , Biocruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, University of The Basque Country , Bizkaia, The Basque Country , Spain.

Lupus Science & Medicine
|January 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) risk factors differ by age in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients. Younger SLE patients showed risks from antiphospholipid antibodies and glucocorticoids, while older patients had risks from hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
  • Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and a marker of cardiovascular risk.
  • Understanding age-specific risk factors for PAD in SLE is crucial for targeted prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the influence of various risk factors for Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) differs across age groups in patients diagnosed with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 216 SLE patients was stratified into three age groups: ≤34 years, 35-49 years, and ≥50 years.
  • Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) was diagnosed based on a low ankle-brachial index.
  • Univariant and multivariant analyses were employed to identify significant risk factors within each age group.

Main Results:

  • In patients ≤34 years, antiphospholipid antibodies/antiphospholipid syndrome and glucocorticoid use were significant risk factors for PAD.
  • In patients aged 35-49 years, hypertension was the sole statistically significant predictor of PAD, with a trend towards significance for fibrinogen levels.
  • In patients ≥50 years, hypercholesterolemia showed a trend towards being a risk factor for PAD.

Conclusions:

  • Age appears to be a significant modulator of the risk factors contributing to Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).
  • These findings highlight the need for age-stratified risk assessment and management strategies for PAD in SLE patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Antiphospholipid SyndromeSystemic Lupus Erythematosusankle-brachial indexperipheral arterial disease

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