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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

Uncemented custom-made femoral components.

B Mohan¹, J R Nixon, E Doran

¹Department of Orthopaedics, Musgrave Park Hospital, Stockmans Lane, Belfast - UK.

Hip International : the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Research on Hip Pathology and Therapy

|January 27, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Custom cementless hip implants in young patients showed a high failure rate due to aseptic loosening. This study found the custom femoral prosthesis led to unacceptable outcomes, prompting discontinuation of its use.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomaterials Engineering
Medical Device Design

Background:

Custom-made femoral prostheses aim to improve fit and fixation in total hip replacement (THR).
Smooth titanium alloy stems were utilized in cementless THR for younger patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the clinical outcomes and failure rates of custom-made, cementless femoral prostheses in younger patients.
To assess the long-term efficacy and potential complications associated with this custom implant design.

Main Methods:

Pre-operative radiographs and computer analysis were used to create custom femoral stems.
Fifty-one cementless implants were performed in 43 patients between 1993 and 1996.
Follow-up averaged 47 months, with analysis of revision rates and reasons for failure.

Main Results:

A high revision rate of 35.3% was observed within an average of 47 months post-surgery.
Aseptic loosening was the primary cause of failure, accounting for 13 of 16 revisions.
Adequate bone on-growth or in-growth was not achieved with this implant design.

Conclusions:

The custom-made, cementless femoral prosthesis demonstrated an unacceptably high failure rate.
Despite achieving "fit and fill," the implant failed to promote sufficient bone integration.
The use of this specific custom implant was discontinued in 1996 due to poor clinical results.