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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Digital Printing of Titanium Dioxide for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Digital Printing of Titanium Dioxide for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

Published on: May 4, 2016

Titanium oxide morphology controls charge collection efficiency in quantum dot solar cells.

Ankita Kolay¹, P Naresh Kumar¹, Sarode Krishna Kumar¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Kandi-502285, Telangana, India. mdeepa@iith.ac.in.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP

|January 27, 2017

Summary

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) morphology significantly impacts quantum dot solar cell (QDSC) efficiency. TiO2 nanowires (NWs) offer the best performance by optimizing charge transfer and minimizing recombination, achieving a champion power conversion efficiency of 6.29%.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Photovoltaics

Background:

Key processes governing quantum dot solar cell (QDSC) power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) include charge transfer at interfaces and electron collection.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and its morphology play a critical role in controlling these interfacial charge dynamics.
Understanding TiO2 morphology effects is crucial for designing efficient QDSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of four different TiO2 morphologies (nanoparticles, porous nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanosheets) on QDSC performance.
To correlate TiO2 morphology, interfacial properties, and photovoltaic parameters.
To elucidate the charge transfer and transport mechanisms responsible for efficiency variations.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of four TiO2 morphologies: nanoparticles (NPs), porous nanoparticles (PNPs), nanowires (NWs), and nanosheets (NSHs).
Sensitization of TiO2 morphologies with Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) quantum dots.
Fabrication and photovoltaic performance testing of QDSCs based on each TiO2 morphology.

Main Results:

Average PCEs followed the order: NWs (5.96%) > NPs (4.95%) > PNPs (4.85%) > NSHs (2.5%).
A champion QDSC based on TiO2 NWs achieved a PCE of 6.29%.
TiO2 NWs demonstrated an optimal balance of electron injection, suppressed recombination, low transport resistance, and low dark currents, facilitating efficient electron transport.

Conclusions:

TiO2 morphology profoundly impacts QDSC performance by influencing interfacial charge dynamics.
TiO2 nanowires provide superior performance due to enhanced electron transport and reduced recombination.
Nanosheets exhibited poor performance attributed to electron trapping and high recombination rates.