Evaluation of kodecytes using function-spacer-lipid constructs as a survey material for external proficiency testing...

It is not easy to find natural red blood cells (RBCs) with weak A (A_w ) or weak B phenotype (B_w ) for use as quality controls in ABO subgroup testing (subgrouping). The aim of this study was to prepare RBC kodecytes with synthetic blood group A and/or B function-spacer-lipid (FSL) constructs and to evaluate the possibility of using such kodecytes as a survey material for an external proficiency test (PT) to improve the quality of subgroup analysis.

Three types of survey samples, including O phenotype RBCs and A kodecytes with A_w (0.02 mg/mL FSL-A solution) and B kodecytes with B_w (0.15 mg/mL FSL-B solution) were sent to 53 laboratories for an educational trial of PT for subgrouping. Cell typing was done using the manual tube technique.

Forty-three laboratories responded, and the re-activities of the survey samples varied from 0 to 4+ against anti-A and anti-B monoclonal reagents(MoAbs). Twenty-nine laboratories (67%) correctly grouped the B_w kodecytes as B_w . Fifteen (35%), 21 (48%), and 6 (13%) laboratories grouped the A_w kodecytes as A_w , A₂ , and O phenotypes, respectively. The anti-A MoAb clone affects the results of cell typing for A_w kodecytes. The stability of kodecytes was similar to that of natural O RBCs during storage.

Our kodecytes were useful as a survey material, and the survey results showed the necessity of materials for PT for subgrouping to improve the quality of laboratory analysis regardless of the different reactions according to the MoAb.