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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Using Primary Neurosphere Cultures to Study Primary Cilia
Published on: April 14, 2017
Primary Cilia as a Possible Link between Left-Right Asymmetry and Neurodevelopmental Diseases
Andrey Trulioff1, Alexander Ermakov2,3, Yegor Malashichev4,5
1Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia. trulioff@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Cilia have multiple functions in the development of the entire organism, and participate in the development and functioning of the central nervous system. In the last decade, studies have shown that they are implicated in the development of the visceral left-right asymmetry in different vertebrates. At the same time, some neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, autism, bipolar disorder, and dyslexia, are known to be associated with lateralization failure. In this review, we consider possible links in the mechanisms of determination of visceral asymmetry and brain lateralization, through cilia. We review the functions of seven genes associated with both cilia, and with neurodevelopmental diseases, keeping in mind their possible role in the establishment of the left-right brain asymmetry.
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