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Related Experiment Video

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Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

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Understanding trends in concentrated poverty: 1980-2014.

John Iceland¹, Erik Hernandez¹

¹Penn State University, 211 Oswald Tower, Department of Sociology, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Social Science Research

|January 28, 2017

Summary

Neighborhood poverty in the US has fluctuated. Declining segregation of the poor significantly reduced concentrated poverty, except in the 1990s when falling poverty rates for Black and White individuals were key.

Keywords:

Concentrated poverty Income segregation Neighborhood poverty Racial residential segregation

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Area of Science:

Urban Sociology
Poverty Studies
Demography

Background:

Concentrated neighborhood poverty in the U.S. exhibits volatile trends.
Understanding drivers of concentrated poverty is crucial for urban policy.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine associations between concentrated poverty and factors like overall poverty changes, racial, and income segregation.
To assess the relative contributions of these factors to long-term poverty trends using decomposition analysis.

Main Methods:

Analysis of U.S. decennial census data (1980-2000) and American Community Survey (2010-2014).
Decomposition analysis to quantify the impact of segregation and poverty changes on concentrated poverty.

Main Results:

Changes in the segregation of the poor were the primary driver of concentrated poverty trends for most of the study period.
Declines in Black and White poverty rates in the 1990s significantly reduced concentrated poverty.
Racial segregation showed a positive but weaker association with Black concentrated poverty.

Conclusions:

Declining segregation has been a key factor in reducing concentrated poverty.
Growing income segregation and recent weak economic performance increase the risk of concentrated poverty.