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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

The Three-Chamber Choice Behavioral Task using Zebrafish as a Model System

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Published on: April 14, 2021

Individual differences in cognition among teleost fishes.

Tyrone Lucon-Xiccato¹, Angelo Bisazza¹

¹Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.

Behavioural Processes

|January 28, 2017

Summary

Individual differences in fish cognition are common and heritable, similar to mammals. Future research should explore these cognitive variations in teleost fish.

Keywords:

Fish cognition Individual differences Lateralisation Personality Sex differences

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Area of Science:

Comparative cognition
Ethology
Neuroscience

Background:

Individual differences in cognitive abilities are well-studied in humans and mammals.
Data on cognitive variation in non-mammalian species, particularly fish, is limited.
Growing interest exists in expanding cognitive research to diverse taxonomic groups.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing literature on individual differences in cognitive abilities in teleost fishes.
To assess the extent of research on cognitive variation in fish.
To identify potential research avenues for future studies on fish cognition.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on individual cognitive differences in teleost fishes.
Analysis of evidence for consistent and heritable variation in fish cognition.
Examination of related research areas such as personality, sex differences, and population comparisons.

Main Results:

Few studies directly investigate individual cognitive differences in fish.
Evidence suggests consistent and heritable individual variation in fish cognitive abilities.
Significant indirect evidence for cognitive differences found in studies of fish personality, sex differences, lateralization, and populations.

Conclusions:

Individual cognitive differences appear as prevalent in fish as in warm-blooded vertebrates.
Research on fish cognition can benefit from methodologies and theoretical frameworks used in mammal studies.
Further investigation into individual cognitive variation in fish is warranted.