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Examining Fatal Opioid Overdoses in Marion County, Indiana.

Bradley Ray1, Kenna Quinet2, Timothy Dickinson2

  • 1School of Public & Environmental Affairs, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. bradray@iupui.edu.

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|January 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Increased regulation of prescription opioids in Indiana led to fewer prescriptions but a rise in accidental overdose deaths from illicit heroin and fentanyl. This trend highlights an iatrogenic effect requiring policy attention.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Drug-related overdoses are the leading cause of injury-related death in the USA.
  • Opioid overdoses, involving both illicit and prescription substances, are a major concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine trends in accidental opioid overdose deaths in Marion County, Indiana, from 2010 to 2015.
  • To investigate the relationship between prescription opioid regulation and illicit opioid use.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of toxicology reports from the county coroner.
  • Examination of data from Indiana's prescription drug monitoring program.
  • Review of law enforcement forensic services agency data.

Main Results:

  • Heroin was the most commonly detected opioid in overdose deaths.
  • Significant increases in accidental overdose deaths involving heroin and fentanyl were observed.
  • Decreases in dispensed opiate prescriptions coincided with increased law enforcement detection of heroin and fentanyl.

Conclusions:

  • Increased regulation of prescription opiates may have inadvertently led to a rise in deaths from illicit opioids like heroin and fentanyl.
  • Policy implications and recommendations for Indiana are discussed to address the evolving opioid overdose crisis.