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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Single Extracellular Vesicle Transmembrane Protein Characterization by Nano-Flow Cytometry
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A nano flow cytometer for single lipid vesicle analysis.

Remo Friedrich1, Stephan Block1, Mohammadreza Alizadehheidari2

  • 1Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. bally@chalmers.se.

Lab on a Chip
|January 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a nano flow cytometer for single vesicle analysis, enabling precise quantification and characterization of lipid vesicles using minimal sample volumes for diagnostics and research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Lipid vesicles, including extracellular vesicles, are crucial biological entities.
  • Accurate characterization of individual vesicles is essential for understanding biological processes and disease mechanisms.
  • Existing methods often require large sample volumes or lack single-particle resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a nanofluidic device for high-resolution, single-vesicle analysis.
  • To quantify vesicle concentration and size distribution using fluorescence detection.
  • To demonstrate the device's applicability in biological and biochemical assays.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a nanofluidic chip with parallel nanochannels for pressure-driven flow.
  • Employing fluorescence microscopy for real-time visualization and signal detection of individual vesicles.
  • Performing single-particle counting and fluorescence intensity measurements.
  • Calibrating fluorescence intensity to vesicle size distribution.

Main Results:

  • Accurate counting of fluorescent synthetic lipid vesicles down to 170 fM concentration.
  • Resolution of vesicle size distribution from fluorescence intensity.
  • Quantification of cell-derived extracellular vesicles labeled with lipophilic dye.
  • Demonstration of peptide binding to synthetic lipid vesicles using dual-color detection, revealing membrane-curvature sensing behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The nanofluidic device functions as a nano flow cytometer for precise vesicle analysis.
  • The methodology enables quantification and characterization without ensemble averaging.
  • Potential applications span diagnostics, fundamental biology research, and automated lab-on-a-chip systems.