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Operationalizing workplace accommodations for individuals with disabilities: A scoping review.

Vidya Sundar

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    Summary

    Workplace accommodations, crucial for disability employment support, are diverse. This review clarifies their operationalization in research, highlighting gaps in understanding various supports and disability types.

    Keywords:
    ADAJob accommodationsdisabilityemploymentworkwork adjustment

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    Area of Science:

    • Disability Studies
    • Occupational Health
    • Rehabilitation Science

    Background:

    • Workplace accommodations are vital for supporting individuals with disabilities in employment.
    • The definition and scope of accommodations extend beyond current legal frameworks like the Americans with Disabilities Act.
    • A clear understanding of accommodation strategies is essential for evaluating employment support programs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To conduct a scoping review and thematic analysis of existing research literature.
    • To identify and categorize how workplace accommodations are operationalized in practice.
    • To pinpoint knowledge gaps in the conceptualization and implementation of accommodations.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic keyword searches across seven electronic databases.
    • Rigorous screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts for relevance.
    • Thematic analysis to synthesize and understand the operationalization of accommodations.

    Main Results:

    • 47 studies were included in the review, identifying 433 distinct types of accommodations.
    • Assistive technology and specialized equipment were the most common accommodations (40%).
    • Policy changes (9%) and human assistance (5%) were infrequently reported accommodation strategies.

    Conclusions:

    • This review clarifies the operationalization of accommodations within the research landscape.
    • Significant knowledge gaps exist, particularly concerning the systematic exclusion of certain support types or disability categories.
    • Further research is needed to broaden the conceptualization and application of workplace accommodations.