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Updated: Mar 8, 2026
Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
2D Echocardiographic Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function Correlates With 3D Volumetric Models in Cardiac Surgery
Harry Magunia1, Eckhard Schmid1, Jan N Hilberath2
1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Objectives:
The early diagnosis and treatment of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction are of critical importance in cardiac surgery patients and impact clinical outcome. Two-dimensional (2D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) can be used to evaluate RV function using surrogate parameters due to complex RV geometry. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the commonly used visual evaluation of RV function and size using 2D TEE correlated with the calculated three-dimensional (3D) volumetric models of RV function.
Design And Setting:
Retrospective study, single center, University Hospital.
Participants And Intervention:
Seventy complete datasets were studied consisting of 2D 4-chamber view loops (2-3 beats) and the corresponding 4-chamber view 3D full-volume loop of the right ventricle. RV function and RV size of the 2D loops then were assessed retrospectively purely qualitatively individually by 4 clinician echocardiographers certified in perioperative TEE. Corresponding 3D volumetric models calculating RV ejection fraction and RV end-diastolic volumes then were established and compared with the 2D assessments.
Measurements And Main Results:
2D assessment of RV function correlated with 3D volumetric calculations (Spearman's rho -0.5; p<0.0001). No correlation could be established between 2D estimates of RV size and actual 3D volumetric end-diastolic volumes (Spearman's rho 0.15; p = 0.25).
Conclusion:
The 2D assessment of right ventricular function based on visual estimation as frequently used in clinical practice appeared to be a reliable method of RV functional evaluation. However, 2D assessment of RV size seemed unreliable and should be used with caution.
