Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

3.8K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.8K
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

68.7K
Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
68.7K
Paracrine Signaling01:21

Paracrine Signaling

60.1K
Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
60.1K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

3.7K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
3.7K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.8K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
40.8K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

4.1K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Osteoporosis and osteoporosis therapies as determinants of implant fixation failure in arthroplasty and spinal fusion constructs: a position statement from the Fracture Working Group of the Council of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026
Same author

Multiscale analysis and functional validation of the cellular and genetic determinants of skeletal disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Two Cases of Iron-Induced Hypophosphatemia.

AACE endocrinology and diabetes·2026
Same author

Estimating Fracture Risk in Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Fractures at virtually all sites are associated with adverse outcomes: an observational study.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2026
Same author

"Build better bones": development, launch, and future directions of a multilingual, user-centered website for osteoporosis management.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2026
Same journal

Navigating Adrenal Disease: A Comprehensive, Practical Guide for the Clinician.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Adrenal Disorders in Pregnancy.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Diagnosis and Management of Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Hereditary Conditions Associated with Adrenocortical Carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, and Other Adrenal Tumors: Genetic Testing and Management Recommendations.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

20.5K

Endothelin Signaling in Bone.

Jasmin Kristianto1, Michael G Johnson2, Rafia Afzal3

  • 1Divisions of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|January 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endothelin (ET) signaling regulates bone formation by influencing WNT signaling, promoting bone matrix synthesis and mineralization. This pathway is crucial in craniofacial development and cancer-related osteosclerosis.

Keywords:
Endothelin 1 signalingMechanotransductionMicro-RNAOsteogenesisWNT Signaling

More Related Videos

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay
11:38

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Published on: September 14, 2021

3.9K
Intra-iliac Artery Injection for Efficient and Selective Modeling of Microscopic Bone Metastasis
07:00

Intra-iliac Artery Injection for Efficient and Selective Modeling of Microscopic Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 26, 2016

17.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

20.5K
Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay
11:38

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Published on: September 14, 2021

3.9K
Intra-iliac Artery Injection for Efficient and Selective Modeling of Microscopic Bone Metastasis
07:00

Intra-iliac Artery Injection for Efficient and Selective Modeling of Microscopic Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 26, 2016

17.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The endothelin (ET) system comprises peptide hormones and G-protein-coupled receptors.
  • ET signaling plays a role in various physiological and pathological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the ET signaling pathway, metabolism, and its role in craniofacial development.
  • To discuss ET signaling in cancer-related osteosclerosis.
  • To present novel findings on ET signaling as an upstream mediator of WNT signaling in bone formation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ET system components and functions.
  • Summary of existing research on ET1 in craniofacial development.
  • Discussion of ET signaling in cancer and bone biology.
  • Presentation of laboratory data on ET-WNT pathway interactions.

Main Results:

  • ET signaling is integral to craniofacial development.
  • ET signaling is implicated in osteoblastic and osteosclerotic processes in cancer.
  • Endothelin signaling acts upstream of WNT signaling to promote bone matrix synthesis and mineralization.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelin signaling is a key regulator of bone matrix synthesis and mineralization via WNT pathway.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complexities and therapeutic potential of ET signaling in bone biology and disease.