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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Published on: May 10, 2024
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Calpain-14 and its association with eosinophilic esophagitis
Vladislav A Litosh1, Mark Rochman1, Jeffrey K Rymer2
1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|January 30, 2017
Summary
Calpain 14 (CAPN14) is a protease implicated in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Its unique esophageal expression and role in epithelial barrier dysfunction suggest it as a therapeutic target for EoE and related allergic diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Calpains are calcium-dependent cysteine proteases regulating cellular processes.
- Genetic variants in calpain 14 (CAPN14) are linked to eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).
- EoE is a chronic inflammatory disorder driven by allergic hypersensitivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the genetic, structural, and biochemical properties of CAPN14.
- To elucidate the role of CAPN14 in patients with EoE.
- To explore CAPN14 as a potential therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Review of genetic, structural, and biochemical data for CAPN14.
- Analysis of CAPN14 expression patterns in human tissues.
- Investigation of CAPN14's role in esophageal epithelial barrier function and IL-13 mediated repair.
Main Results:
- CAPN14 is localized to chromosome 2p23.1-p21, homologous to CAPN13.
- CAPN14 exhibits unique expression in the upper gastrointestinal tract, especially the esophagus.
- CAPN14 impairs epithelial barrier function and affects desmoglein-1 expression.
- CAPN14 plays a regulatory role in IL-13-induced epithelial repair.
Conclusions:
- CAPN14 is a unique protease with tissue-specific expression and function in EoE.
- CAPN14's involvement in epithelial dysfunction makes it a potential therapeutic target.
- Targeting CAPN14 may offer new treatment strategies for EoE and related allergic diseases.
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