Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 8, 2026
11:00
Microfluidic Chip for Axonal Injury Models Construction and Enabling Multi-Omics Analysis
Published on: October 14, 2025
1.4K
Non-coding RNAs and neuroprotection after acute CNS injuries
Raghavendar Chandran1, Suresh L Mehta1, Raghu Vemuganti1
1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison and William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
Neurochemistry International
|January 30, 2017
Summary
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are crucial in central nervous system (CNS) health and disease. Their altered expression after acute CNS injuries highlights their role in neuronal damage and potential as biomarkers.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) encompass microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).
- These ncRNAs regulate gene expression through interactions with DNA, RNA, and proteins, influencing epigenetic modifications, transcription, and translation.
- Altered ncRNA expression is observed in the central nervous system (CNS) following acute injuries like stroke and traumatic brain injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of ncRNAs' roles in the initiation and progression of secondary neuronal damage after acute CNS injuries.
- To explore the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for acute CNS injuries.
- To highlight therapeutic strategies targeting ncRNAs for minimizing neuronal damage.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing current research on ncRNAs in CNS injury.
- Analysis of ncRNA expression profiles in the context of acute CNS injuries.
- Evaluation of ncRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.
Main Results:
- ncRNAs play significant roles in both normal CNS function and disease states.
- Expression profiles of ncRNAs are altered following acute CNS injuries, contributing to secondary neuronal damage.
- ncRNAs show promise as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of acute CNS injuries.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the functional significance of ncRNAs post-CNS injury is critical for developing novel therapeutic interventions.
- ncRNAs represent a promising avenue for biomarker discovery for acute CNS injuries.
- Targeting ncRNAs may offer new therapeutic strategies to mitigate neuronal damage.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
1.9K
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
1.9K
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
10.1K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
10.1K
01:20Types of RNA
10.2K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
10.2K