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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
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Histochemical Profile of Vitiligo.

R V Koranne, K G Sachdeva, P C Beohar

    Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    |January 31, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Histochemical examination revealed absent dopa-positive melanocytes in most vitiligo patients. This study investigated cellular changes in untreated vitiligo using the dopa reaction technique.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Histopathology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition characterized by depigmentation.
    • Understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying vitiligo is crucial for developing effective treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and activity of melanocytes in untreated vitiligo patients using histochemical methods.
    • To identify potential cellular alterations associated with vitiligo pathogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Histo-chemical examination of skin biopsies from 50 untreated vitiligo patients.
    • Application of the dopa reaction technique to detect melanocyte activity.

    Main Results:

    • Dopa positive melanocytes were absent in 82% of cases.

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  • An increase in supra-basal clear cells was observed in 70% of patients.
  • Inflammatory infiltrate and basal cell layer dissolution were noted in 7 cases, with inactive melanocytes observed in the basal layer.

    • Conclusions:

    • The absence of dopa-positive melanocytes suggests a significant impairment of melanocyte function in untreated vitiligo.
    • Observed cellular changes like increased clear cells and inflammation may indicate ongoing pathological processes in vitiligo.