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Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

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Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

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Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
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Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

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Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus II01:21

Spinal Nerves: Plexus II

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The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
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Necro-destructive Herpes Zoster.

S K Sharma, A K Gupta, A K Saxena

    Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    |January 31, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Herpes zoster affecting the trigeminal nerve caused severe damage to the jawbone, leading to tooth loss and an oro-antral fistula in a 40-year-old male patient.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the varicella-zoster virus reactivation.
    • Ophthalmic and maxillary nerve involvement can lead to significant complications.
    • Trigeminal nerve zoster is rare but can present with severe oral and facial sequelae.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a rare case of herpes zoster affecting the trigeminal nerve.
    • To highlight the severe oral and maxillofacial destruction caused by this condition.
    • To discuss the implications for dental and surgical management.

    Main Methods:

    • Case report of a 40-year-old male patient.
    • Clinical examination and patient history.

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  • Review of relevant medical literature.

    • Main Results:

    • The patient presented with herpes zoster involving the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the right trigeminal nerve.
    • This resulted in destruction of the alveolar bone processes.
    • Consequences included tooth exfoliation and the formation of an oro-antral fistula.

    Conclusions:

    • Herpes zoster can lead to devastating consequences in the oral and maxillofacial region.
    • Early diagnosis and management are crucial to mitigate severe complications.
    • This case underscores the importance of considering neurological causes for significant dental and bone destruction.