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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Primary Intraprostatic Synovial Sarcoma.

Andrea M Olofson, Konstantinos Linos

    Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
    |January 31, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Primary intraprostatic synovial sarcoma, a rare prostate cancer, shares genetic traits with other sarcomas. Definitive diagnosis relies on identifying the SS18-SSX fusion gene using molecular techniques.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Pathology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Primary intraprostatic synovial sarcoma is an exceptionally rare malignancy.
    • Synovial sarcoma typically occurs in soft tissues but can present primarily in the prostate.
    • Understanding its unique presentation and diagnostic markers is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the clinicopathologic features of primary intraprostatic synovial sarcoma.
    • To highlight diagnostic techniques for this rare tumor.
    • To discuss the molecular underpinnings of its oncogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on intraprostatic synovial sarcoma.
    • Analysis of diagnostic modalities including immunohistochemistry and molecular genetics.

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  • Focus on the role of the SS18-SSX fusion gene in diagnosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Intraprostatic synovial sarcoma exhibits histologic and molecular similarities to sarcomas in other locations.
    • The chromosomal translocation t(X;18)(p11;q11) leading to the SS18-SSX fusion gene is a key diagnostic marker.
    • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization are reliable for detecting the SS18-SSX fusion.

    Conclusions:

    • Primary intraprostatic synovial sarcoma, though rare, is a distinct entity.
    • Accurate diagnosis is facilitated by ancillary techniques, particularly molecular genetic analysis.
    • The SS18-SSX fusion gene is a consistent and vital diagnostic target.