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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Introduction
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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
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Selective C-H bond functionalization using repurposed or artificial metalloenzymes.

David M Upp1, Jared C Lewis1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|January 31, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metalloenzymes enable site-selective CH bond functionalization in organic synthesis. Repurposed and artificial metalloenzymes are expanding catalytic capabilities beyond natural functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Catalytic CH bond functionalization is crucial for organic synthesis.
  • Metalloenzymes provide site-selectivity but have limited reaction scope.
  • Small molecule catalysts offer broader reactivity but lack enzymatic selectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in metalloenzyme development for selective CH bond functionalization.
  • To highlight strategies for overcoming limitations of native metalloenzymes.
  • To discuss the potential of artificial metalloenzymes in catalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Repurposing native metalloenzymes with non-natural substrates.
  • Designing artificial metalloenzymes by incorporating synthetic cofactors into protein scaffolds.
  • Employing directed evolution to optimize catalyst activity and selectivity.

Main Results:

  • Repurposed metalloenzymes exhibit novel reactivity with non-natural substrates.
  • Artificial metalloenzymes demonstrate tunable selectivity and activity.
  • Directed evolution successfully enhances catalytic performance.

Conclusions:

  • Metalloenzymes, both repurposed and artificial, are powerful tools for selective CH bond functionalization.
  • These engineered catalysts expand the scope of reactions achievable in organic synthesis.
  • Continued development promises even greater catalytic efficiency and selectivity.