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Every exercise bout matters: linking systemic exercise responses to breast cancer control
Christine Dethlefsen1, Katrine Seide Pedersen1, Pernille Hojman2
1Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Science, Copenhagen University Hospital, 7641, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
|February 1, 2017
Summary
Regular exercise reduces breast cancer risk and recurrence. Transient increases in anti-cancer factors during exercise, not just lower long-term risk factors, may explain this protective effect.
Area of Science:
- Exercise oncology
- Cancer epidemiology
- Molecular mechanisms of exercise
Background:
- Epidemiological studies consistently link regular physical activity to reduced breast cancer incidence and recurrence.
- Current exercise guidelines for breast cancer patients are general and lack specific mechanistic understanding.
- Elucidating causal links is crucial for optimizing exercise interventions in breast cancer prevention and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review exercise-mediated systemic changes influencing breast cancer progression.
- To explore both long-term adaptations and acute responses to exercise.
- To propose mechanisms underlying the protective effects of exercise against breast cancer.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on exercise, systemic risk factors, and breast cancer.
- Analysis of exercise-induced changes in sex hormones, insulin, and inflammatory markers.
- Examination of acute exercise responses, including catecholamines and myokines.
Main Results:
- Long-term exercise training influences systemic risk factors like sex hormones, insulin, and inflammation.
- Acute exercise bouts acutely increase potent anti-cancer components, such as catecholamines and myokines.
- These transiently elevated factors during exercise are proposed as key mediators.
Conclusions:
- The positive association between exercise and breast cancer prevention/treatment may be significantly mediated by acute exercise-induced factors.
- Transient increases in catecholamines and myokines during exercise bouts are hypothesized to play a critical role.
- Further research into these acute responses can refine exercise recommendations for breast cancer patients.
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