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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Wireless Telemetry Device Implantation in a Fontan Ovine Model for Continuous and Long-Term Hemodynamic Monitoring
Published on: May 2, 2025
Surveillance for liver complications after the Fontan procedure
Moira B Hilscher1, Jonathan N Johnson2,3, Frank Cetta2,3
1Department of Medicine/Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Abstract:
The physiological consequences of the Fontan circulation impose risk for hepatic dysfunction and may culminate in hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Consensus regarding appropriate surveillance modalities to diagnose liver disease in Fontan patients is lacking, in part due to the relative lack of strong evidence and prospective studies in this patient population. The goal of this paper is to critically review the current evidence and provide recommendations for the surveillance of hepatic complications in the post-Fontan patient population.
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