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Update on asthma and cleaning agents
Ilenia Folletti1, Andrea Siracusa, Giulia Paolocci
1aDepartment of Medicine, Section of Occupational Medicine, Respiratory Diseases, Occupational and Environmental Toxicology bDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|February 1, 2017
Summary
Occupational asthma linked to cleaning products remains a significant concern, particularly for women in healthcare. Exposure to irritants is the primary cause, though immune responses can also play a role.
Area of Science:
- Occupational health
- Environmental toxicology
- Respiratory medicine
Background:
- Asthma associated with cleaning product exposure has been recognized for two decades.
- There is sustained interest due to the high prevalence of respiratory issues among cleaning workers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on the link between cleaning product exposure and asthma.
- To summarize literature published between 2013 and 2016.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on studies from 2013-2016.
- Analysis of epidemiological data, cleaning agents, and etiological mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Women constitute the majority of exposed workers and report more respiratory symptoms.
- Healthcare occupations show a high incidence of cleaning product-related asthma.
- Risk factors include job duration and early-life disadvantage; gene-environment interactions are implicated.
- Irritant mechanisms are more prevalent than immunologic ones, though the latter is noted with disinfectants.
Conclusions:
- Exposure levels remain high for both professional and domestic cleaners.
- Asthma frequency is significant in these groups.
- While irritant mechanisms dominate, immunologic responses are possible, especially with disinfectant exposure in healthcare settings.
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