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Modeling dental implant insertion.

A Dorogoy1, D Rittel1, K Shemtov-Yona1

  • 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, 32000 Haifa, Israel.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|February 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Dental implant success hinges on primary stability, achieved through precise insertion torque. This study simulated implant insertion, revealing that while angular velocity has minimal impact, normal load and bone properties significantly influence torque and success.

Keywords:
Bone damageDental implantsInsertion torqueNumerical modelPrimary stability

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Dental Implantology
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Dental implant success is critically dependent on primary stability, which relates to the initial anchoring of the implant within the bone.
  • Implant primary stability is directly influenced by the insertion torque generated during the placement procedure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate the insertion process of a dental implant into the mandible using advanced finite-element analysis.
  • To assess the impact of insertion parameters, such as angular velocity and normal load, on insertion torque and bone damage.
  • To investigate the contribution of cortical and trabecular bone to the overall insertion torque.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 3D dynamic non-linear finite-element software to model the dental implant insertion process.
  • Incorporated the geometrical and mechanical properties of a commercial implant and jaw bone.
  • Accounted for bone-implant friction and simulated insertion parameters including angular velocity and normal load.

Main Results:

  • Angular insertion velocity (up to 120rpm) demonstrated minimal influence on the insertion torque and bone response.
  • Applying a normal load alongside rotation induced an extrusion component in addition to the screwing action.
  • Trabecular bone, despite lower strength, significantly contributes to the total insertion torque.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-operative simulation of dental implant insertion is feasible with well-defined bone-implant system parameters.
  • Simulation can predict and optimize insertion parameters to enhance primary stability and maximize dental implantation success.
  • Personalized simulation approaches can tailor the surgical act for improved patient outcomes.