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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
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Concise Review: Emerging Drugs Targeting Epithelial Cancer Stem-Like Cells.

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Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) drive tumor growth and therapy resistance. Targeting these cells, particularly in epithelial cancers, shows promise for preventing relapse and improving treatment outcomes.

Keywords:
Cancer stem cellsCell signalingDifferentiationDrug targetsSelf-renewalSignal transductionTargeted therapyTissue-specific stem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Cancer cell populations harbor a subset of cells with stem-like properties, termed cancer stem-like cells (CSCs).
  • CSCs are implicated in tumor maintenance, exhibiting potent tumor-initiating capabilities and resistance to conventional therapies.
  • This inherent resistance contributes to cancer relapse following treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current therapeutic strategies targeting cancer stem-like cells.
  • To explore the potential of CSC-targeting drugs in treating epithelial cell-derived cancers.
  • To highlight the significance of CSCs in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent reports on drugs targeting CSCs.
  • Focus on CSCs within epithelial cell-derived cancers.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting CSC-specific therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • CSCs possess unique tumor-initiating and survival mechanisms.
  • CSCs contribute significantly to cancer relapse.
  • Targeting CSCs demonstrates potential for therapeutic benefit in selected cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Selective targeting of CSCs offers a promising strategy to overcome therapeutic resistance and prevent cancer relapse.
  • Further research into CSC-targeting drugs is warranted for various epithelial cancers.
  • Understanding CSC biology is crucial for developing more effective cancer treatments.